School/Team Name___________________ CT Envirothon Aquatics Exam 2007 Print the name of your Team/School on the line in the upper right hand corner of this page and each additional page. For each of the questions in this exam you will either circle the correct answer or fill in the blank space(s) provided. All specimen identifications are within the first third of the exam and you are allowed to use the provided keys to ID each organism. Each question is worth 3 points except for 34, which is worth only one. GOOD LUCK!!! Use the “Key to Salt Water Invertebrates” to identify the following organisms 1) What species is the invertebrate labeled #1? a) Libinia emarginata b) Carcinus maenas c) Limulus polyphemus d) Cancer irroratus 2) What species of invertebrate is labeled #2? a) Argopecten irradians b) Nucella lapillus c) Crepidula fornicata d) Tridacna gigas 3) What species of invertebrate is labeled #3? a) Mercenaria mercenaria b) Crassostrea virginica c) Rongway hoicecay d) Mya arenaria Use the “Key to Fresh Water Fishes” to identify the following organisms 4) What is the species of fish in tray #4? a) Pomoxis nigromaculatus b) Esox Niger c) Anguilla rostrata d) Ictalurus punctatus 5) What is the species of fish in tray #5? a)Catostomu commersoni b)Ameiurus nebulosus c)Salmo salar d)Perca flavescens Use the “Key to Salt Water and Anadromous Fishes” for the following organisms 6) What is the fish species in tray #6? a)Pleuronectes americanus b)Trinectes maculates c)Scophthalmus aquosus d)Paralichthys dentatus School/Team Name___________________ 7) What is the fish species in tray #7? a)Alosa aestivalis b)Pomatomus saltarix c)Morone saxatillis d)Latimeria menadoensis Use the “Key to Most Common Freshwater Benthic Invertebrates” for the following organisms 8) What is the organism labeled #8? a)Perlidae b)Tipulidae c)Hydropsychidae d)Ephemerellidae 9) What is the organism labeled #9? a)Baetidae b)Psephenidae c)Heptagenidae d)Simuliidae 10) What is the organism labeled #10? a)Tipulidae b)Corydalidae c)Hirudinea d)Chironomidae Use the “Freshwater Mussel ID Guide” for the following organism 11) What species is organism labeled #11? a) Spaerium corneum b) Corbicula fluminea c) Lampsilis cariosa d) Leptodea ochracea Use the “CAES Aquatic Invasive Plant Guide” for the following plant 12) The plant specimen labeled #12 is a sample of ____________. a)Potamogeton crispus b)Cabomba caroliniana c)Najas minor d)Myriophyllum heterophyllum Use the Salamander Guide to ID these specimens 13) What species of salamander is #13? a) Plethodon cinereus b) Gyrinophilus p. parphyriticus c) Desmognathus f. fuscus d) Ambystoma opacum 14) What is the species of salamander labeled #14? a) Ambystoma tigrinum b) Ambystoma opacum c) Ambystoma maculatum d) Ambystoma jeffersonianum School/Team Name___________________ The remainder of the exam is comprised of questions from the study materials distributed to your team at the beginning of the academic year. All materials have also been posted on the CT Envirothon website. You are not permitted to utilize those reference materials for any of the remaining questions. 15) Which of the following is a negative of using hydropower? (Pros & Cons of Hydropower pg.1) a) doesn’t produce air pollution b) disrupts fish migrations c) difficult energy production during drought d) b and c 16) According to the US DOE, what are 3 of the 5 the qualifications used to evaluate potential microhydropower sites? (“Evaluating a site for microhydropower pg.1”) each correct is 1 point a)________________ b)____________________ c)__________________ (flow, power output, economics, permits, and water rights) 17) Due to impervious surfaces a typical city block generates _____ times more runoff than a wooded lot of the same size. (EPA 841-F-03-003 NPS Urban Runoff Facts) a) two b) five c) ten d) one hundred 18) Buffer zones should be located between ________________ and water bodies or resources. (CT DEP vegetated buffers factsheet pg.2) a) forests b) upland developments c) oceans d) hiking trails 19) What are the three characteristics of an “Ideal Buffer Zone”? (CTDEP buffer zone fact sheet pg.3) a)________________ b)___________________ c)_________________ (gentle slopes, undisturbed permeable soils, dense NATIVE vegetation) 20) According to the “Understanding Invasive Aquatic Weeds” document on pg 1, what are the three types of aquatic plants? a) edible, poisonous, venomous b) green, red, yellow c) floating, submersed, emergent d) deciduous, coniferous, vascular 21) Each day aquatic invasive plants in the US cover an additional_______ acres (“Understanding Invasive Aquatic weeds” pg. 1) a) 10 b) 4500 c) 10000 d) 35 School/Team Name___________________ 22) “What Happens to Water” describes a formula for the water cycle on page 5. In the formula precipitation is equal to what? a) rain + snow + garden hoses + fish tanks b) surface runoff + ground water recharge + evapotranspiration + storage c) storage + surface runoff + human consumption + rain d) evapotranspiration + 3.141592654 + ground water recharge + rain 23) A __________________ refers to a basin of land which catches rain or snow and directs it down slope to a point in a river or stream – an outlet point. (“What happens to water” pg.8) a)watershed b)storage closet c)funnel d)stream bank 24) List 3 of the 4 MAJOR sources of pathogens in waterways, according to “Clean Waters: Starting in your Home and Yard” (Clean Water Fact Sheet pg.2) a)________________________ b)_____________________ c)__________________ (failing septic systems, leaky sewer lines, pet wastes, farm waste or runoff) 25) The alewife floater glochidia only parasitize what species of fish in Connecticut? (Freshwater mussel guide pg. 1) a)Salmo salar b)Lepomis gibbosus c)Dorosoma cepedianum d)Alosa pseudoharengus 26) An eft is defined as ___________________ (pg. 5 Salamander Terminology) a) a poorly spelled elf b) a bright pink version of a spotted salamander c) opposite of right d) the terrestrial phase of a predominantly aquatic newt 27) Name the Four Functional Feeding Groups of Freshwater Benthic Invertebrates (River Watch Document pg.12) a)_____________________ b)______________________ c)_____________________ d)_______________________ (predator, collector, shredder, scraper) collector gather or collector filter is acceptable for ONE of the four spots 28) Which of the following statements is true? (River Watch doc pg. 10 a) cold water can hold more oxygen than warm water b) high alkalinity rivers are subject to rapid fluctuations in pH c) decomposition increases dissolved oxygen values d) pH scale ranges from 7-15 School/Team Name___________________ 29) Streams interact with ground water in three basic ways, which are:____________ (USGS excerpt pg. 2) a) erode the substrate, carry nutrients, provide habitat b) gain water from inflow, lose water through out flow, and both at different reaches c) increase water table during floods, decrease water table during drought, and neutralize acidity d) filter bacteria contaminants, increase buffering ability, and lose water through outflow 30) If this image were found on a topographic map what sort of land feature would it represent? (Using Maps pg. 2) a) a mountain b) a lake c) a wetland d) a depression 31) The three stages of The Snowmelt Sequence are: (Stormwater Center article 3 pg.1) a)_____________________ b)______________________ c)_____________________ (pavement melt, roadside melt, pervious area melt) 32) List the following items from smallest to largest in terms of typical land area: (Stormwater Center article 28 pg. 1) (basin, catchment, subwatershed, subbasin, watershed) a)________________ b)_____________ c)______________d)____________ e)_________ catchment, subwatershed, watershed, subbasin, basin 33) Which organism is NOT an obligate species in vernal pools? (Wicked Big Puddles pg. 5) a) wood frog b) mole salamanders c) fairy shrimp d) jumbo shrimp 34) Dihydrogen Monoxide is more commonly known as? ___________________ (1 point only) (water, H2O, or any other permutation of water is fine)